肺结核患者气管动脉栓塞术后再发咯血的临床特征及早期护理预防干预

Clinical characteristics of recurrent hemoptysis in patients with tuberculosis after tracheal arterial embolization and the effect of early nursing prevention intervention

目的分析肺结核患者气管动脉栓塞术后再发咯血的临床特征及早期护理预防干预的效果。方法回顾性分析46例行支气管动脉栓塞术后再发咯血的肺结核患者的临床资料,对再发咯血的时间段及其相关危险因素进行分析。结果 46例患者中,共有56人次再发咯血,咯血发生时间主要在术后1个月,术后4~10 d为再发咯血的高峰期(75.00%);中量咯血为主要的咯血类型(62.50%);浸润性肺结核为主要肺结核类型;明胶海绵条为主要栓塞材料;术后活动过早或活动不当为再发咯血的主要危险因素(42.85%),不同危险因素导致再发咯血时间以术后4~10 d为主。结论支气管动脉栓塞术后的早期再发咯血的临床特征显著,各种危险因素导致再发咯血具有明显的时间段,早期护理干预可有效降低再发咯血的风险。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of recurrent hemoptysis in patients with tuberculosis after tracheal arterial embolization and the effect of early nursing prevention intervention.Methods The clinical data of 46 tuberculosis patients with recurrent hemoptysis after tracheal arterial embolization were retrospectively analyzed,and the recurrence of hemoptysis period and its related risk factors were analyzed.Results Among 46 tuberculosis patients,a total of 56 times repeated hemoptysis.The occurrence time of hemoptysis was mainly in 1 month after operation,4~10 d after operation was the peak period of recurrent hemoptysis(75.00%);a medium amount of hemoptysis was the major type of hemoptysis(62.50%);invasive pulmonary tuberculosis was the main type of tuberculosis;gelatin sponge was the main embolism materials;early postoperative activity or improper activities was a major risk factor for recurrent hemoptysis(42.85%),the time of recurrent hemoptysis caused by different risk factors was 4~10 d after operation.Conclusion The clinical features of early recurrent hemoptysis after tracheal arterial embolization are significant,all kinds of risk factors lead to recurrent hemoptysis in a clear period of time.Early nursing intervention can effectively reduce the risk of recurrent hemoptysis.