“一带一路”背景下构建大海法体系的相关问题研究

Research on Related Issues of Constructing Maritime Legal System Under the Background of One Belt And One Road

古海法是调整民事、行政、刑事一体的习惯法,曾经在历史长河中扮演着非常重要的调整航运运输、贸易交易的重任。到了近现代国家,将古海法进行了肢解,分散到各个法域门类中。中国古代法律体系本是刑民一体的,涉及到航运、贸易方面的法律规范也是分散分布于单一律法中,到了近现代,中国学习大陆法系,兼修英美法系的一些内容,更无法形成古海法那样的海法体系。我国目前存在《海商法》《海洋环境保护法》等各种涉海单行法,在我国经济发展迅速、国力增强、倡导区域经济一体化,尤其是在"一带一路"建设的大背景下,单一的涉海法律体系已经不足以为我国的各项发展提供法律保障,因此,构建大海法体系日益显得迫切,本文探讨了构建大海法体系的相关内容,认为大海法体系的构建是目前我国法律体系的一个新架构,涉及到海法法典立法、海法司法架构等内容,从长远角度来看,是有益于我国倡导的"一带一路"的建设,为我国的持续发展提供法律保障。

The ancient Haifa is a customary law that regulates civil袁administrative and criminal matters.It played an important role in the long history of adjusting shipping and trade.In recent modern times袁the ancient Haifa was dismembered and dispersed in various jurisdictions.In ancient China袁the legal system was originally an integration in penal code and civil law.The legal norms concerning shipping and trade were also distributed in a single law.it is far more difficult for modern Chinese to study civil law system and minor in common law system袁not to mention form the Haifa system like the ancient Haifa system.At present袁there are various maritime solitary laws袁such as the野Maritime Law冶and the野Marine Environmental Protection Law.冶With the economy developing rapidly and the national strength is enhanced in our country袁Regional economic integration is advocated袁especially in the context of One Belt And One Road construction袁a single legal system involving the sea has not been enough to provide legal guarantees foe various developments in our country.Therefore袁it is urgent to build the maritime legal system.This article explores the relevant contents of building the maritime legal system.it is concluded that the construction of maritime legal system is a new architecture in legal system in our country currently袁which is involves the legislation of Haifa law and the judicial structure of Haifa.In the long run袁it is conducive to the development of the Belt and Road initiative advocated by our country and provides legal guarantee for the sustainable development of our country.