我国《海商法》对国内水路货物运输的适用

Application of Chinese Maritime Code to domestic carriage of goods by waterway

我国《海商法》将国内水路货物运输排除在适用范围之外,致使我国一直将国际海上货物运输与国内水路货物运输实行两套不同的法律制度。随着现代航运的发展,这样的"双轨制"已出现法律、理论及司法实践方面的问题。为解决这些问题,结合当前我国航运市场的现状、司法实践及国际航运业发展趋势,研究将我国《海商法》适用范围拓展至国内水路货物运输的可能性。建议扩展我国《海商法》第4章的适用范围至国内水路货物运输(包含沿海货物运输和内河货物运输),并考虑到内河货物运输与国际海上货物运输的区别,建议对内河货物运输的相关规定单列一节,同时在扩展空间范围时应注意对《海商法》总则部分第3条的船舶的相应概念进行修改以及与其他相关制度之间的协调。

The application scope of the Chinese Maritime Code does not include the domestic carriage of goods by waterway,so the international carriage of goods by sea and the domestic carriage of goods by waterway are regulated by two different legal regimes.With the development of modern shipping industry,such a situation of“two legal regimes”results in problems in the field of law,theory and judicial practice.To solve the problems,the possibility of extending the Chinese Maritime Code’s application scope to the domestic carriage of goods by waterway is studied,combining the current situation of Chinese shipping market,judicial practice and the development trend of international shipping industry.It is suggested that the application scope of Chapter 4 in the Chinese Maritime Code be extended to the domestic carriage of goods by waterway(including coastal waterway and inland waterway).Considering the difference between the carriage of goods by inland waterway and the international carriage of goods by sea,it is suggested to add a section to regulate the carriage of goods by inland waterway,to revise the concept of ships listed in the third article of the general provisions of the Chinese Maritime Code,and to pay attention to the coordination between the revision and other related regulations.