中共对战后国民政府善后救济工作的因应——以晋绥察分署救济活动为中心的考察

On the CCP to Face Postwar Relief and Rehabilitation Work of the National Government——a Case Study of Relief and Rehabilitation Activities of Jin-sui-cha Branch

善后救济是世界反法西斯同盟国家在战争结束之前筹划的一项重要事业,亦是"第二次世界大战所遗留下来的黑暗中的一次短暂的闪光"。抗战胜利之后,联合国善后救济总署在中国境内的战后救济工作正式启动。然而随着中国内战危机的不断加剧和战争的全面升级,中共解放区的善后救济活动在表层上似乎仍是一种简单的国际施救行为,实已深深地渗入了国共双方的政治角力,乃至演变成一场激烈的民心争夺战。至于联合国善后救济总署所主张的"非政治性"救济原则,亦自然不会为国共双方无条件地接纳,其效不难想见。而国民政府行政院善后救济总署晋绥察分署在中共解放区的救济活动,则非常典型地彰显了这种情形。

Postwar relief was an important task planned by countries of the world Anti-fascist Alliance after the end of the war.It was also a momentary flash of light during the dark left by the World War Two.After the victory of the anti-Japnese war,United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration officially started their relief and rehabilitation work in China.However,with the aggravation of China's civil war crisis and the all-around upgrade of war,the postwar relief and rehabilitation work permeated deeply into the political wrestling between the two parties and even became a fierce battle for the hearts of the people,which seemed on the surface layer to be just a simple international rescue activities.As for the"apolitical"concept of the relief and rehabilitation work claimed by United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration,it was naturally rejected by both parties,which is not hard to imagine.The relief and rehabilitation activites of Jin-sui-cha branch of relief and rehabilitation administration of National Government of the Republic of China's Executive Yuan typically demonstrated this situation.