北京运河文化带保护发展的国际经验借鉴研究

International Experience of Protection and Development of Beijing Canal Cultural Belt

中国是世界遗产最多的国家之一,传承保护好这些珍贵的历史文化遗产是中国人民,也是世界人民的共同职责,但是如何处理好历史文化遗产保护利用与区域发展的关系却是一个重大的现实问题。国际上运河保护发展有不少成功经验,加拿大里多运河和法国米迪运河等就是成功的典型,其经验可概括为:高度重视环境保护、促进地方文化与运河文化深度融合、合理组织旅游交通线路、实施分区分级管治、建立健全法律体系、明确高效的管理方式和职能分工。上述经验启示北京运河文化带的保护发展应深入挖掘物质遗产和非物质文化遗产资源,将其汇集成具有吸引力的运河文化;妥善处理保护与发展的关系,实现北京大运河对区域发展的整体带动;科学划定运河文化带发展范围,实施分区管治;健全法律体系,坚持依法依规行政;完善政府管理机构,提高治理能力;建立多层次多尺度的旅游线路,提高便捷性和互动性。

China is one of the countries with the largest number of world heritage.Inheritance and protection of these precious historical and cultural heritages is the common responsibility of the Chinese people and the people of the world as well,but it is a major realistic problem to deal with the relationship between regional development and the protection and utilization of historical and cultural heritage.There are many successful experiences of other countries in the canal conservation and development.For instance,The Rideau Canal in Canada and Canal du Midi in France are typical examples of success.Their experience can be summarized as:Paying great attention to the environmental protection,Promoting the closer integration of local culture and the canal culture,Rationally organizing the tourism traffic routes,Implementing the zoning and classification governance,Establishing and improving the legal system,Confirming the highefficient management and functional division.This reveals that the conservation and development of Beijing canal culture belt should deeply exploit the material heritage and the intangible cultural heritage resources,integrate into an attractive canal culture;properly handle the relationship between protection and development,and promote the overall regional development by The Beijing Grand Canal;scientifically delimit the scope of the canal culture belt,carry out the zoning governance;strengthen the legal system,insist on the administration by law and regulation;perfect the government management institutions and enhance the governance ability;establish multi-level and multiscale tourism routes and improve the convenience and interaction.