利用Fhb1基因功能标记选择提高黄淮冬麦区小麦品种对赤霉病的抗性

Improvement of Resistance of Wheat Cultivars to Fusarium Head Blight in the Yellow–Huai Rivers Valley Winter Wheat Zone with Functional Marker Selection of Fhb1 Gene

赤霉病已上升为黄淮冬麦区的主要病害,提高小麦品种对赤霉病的抗性成为该麦区主要的育种目标之一。宁麦9号、生选6号、建阳798、建阳84、苏麦3号和宁麦13均携带Fhb1基因,对赤霉病表现中抗水平以上。本研究以这6个品种(系)为供体,分别与高感赤霉病的周麦16矮败小麦近等基因系杂交和回交,构建6个回交群体。利用Fhb1基因的KASP标记在回交后代中进行基因型分析,分别选择携带和不携带Fhb1基因的可育株,对后代株系进行单花滴注接种鉴定和田间病圃自然鉴定。回交后代携带Fhb1家系整体抗性达到中感,比不携带Fhb1家系的平均病小穗数低4.2(P<0.01),平均病情指数低4.0,比轮回亲本周麦16的平均病小穗数和病情指数分别低8.1(P<0.01)和28.4(P<0.01)。不同供体品种(系)回交后代在赤霉病抗性上表现出明显差异,以生选6号为供体的回交后代家系抗性表现最好。本研究表明,利用Fhb1基因分子标记辅助选择技术能够有效地提高黄淮冬麦区小麦品种的赤霉病抗性水平。

Fusarium head blight(FHB)becomes a major disease in the wheat production of the Yellow–Huai Rivers Valley Winter Wheat Zone of China.Improving FHB resistance is one of the major breeding targets in this region.The donors of Fhb1 gene including Ningmai 9,Shengxuan 6,Jianyang 798,Jianyang 84,Sumai 3,and Ningmai 13,were moderately or highly resistant to FHB.Six backcrossing populations were developed by crossing these donors with a dwarfing and male-sterile wheat near isogenic line Zhoumai 16,and backcrossing with Zhoumai 16.The progenies were subjected to phenotypic evaluation of FHB by both the floret-inoculation method and natural infection in a field disease nursery.Fhb1 was detected by a functional Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP)marker.The backcrossing progenies with Fhb1 gene were moderately susceptible to FHB.Compared with the backcrossing progenies without Fhb1 gene,mean number of diseased spikelets and disease index reduced by 4.2(P<0.01)and 4.0 in the progenies with Fhb1 gene,respectively.The mean number of diseased spikelets and disease index for the backcrossing progenies with Fhb1 gene were 8.1(P<0.01)and 28.4(P<0.01)lower than those of the recurrent parent Zhoumai 16.There were significant differences in resistance among the backcrossing progenies from different donors.The progenies from Shengxuan 6 had better performance in number of diseased spikelets and disease index compared with those from any other donors.The results from this study indicate that Fhb1 gene can efficiently improve the FHB resistance of wheat cultivars grown in the Yellow–Huai Rivers Valley Winter Wheat Zone