“公馆”之家——论小说《家》的文学表达

Mansion——On the Literary Expression of the Novel Home

公馆是社会过渡时期的历史产物,在时间维度中充斥了新旧矛盾以及社会历史的变迁。拨开高公馆众多的"政治学"头衔,发现巴金的叙事信仰在于真实地展现过渡家庭的现实面貌,表达社会转型时期人物矛盾、挣扎、彷徨的独特生命感受。在小说中高公馆主要由住宅区和花园组成。在公馆住宅区内部是日常的家庭政治,人际关系呈现出话语、情感交流的"荒漠化",并直接导致了公馆悲剧的发生;而象征着"自然""包容"的花园,则调节着公馆生活,凸显着人类进化的渴望,表达着巴金对于家庭温馨环境的憧憬,传递着人与人文明关系的和谐畅想,勾勒出理想化的社会想象。

Mansion is the historical product of social transition,teeming with new and old contradictions and social and historical changes in the time dimension.Through the numerous high mansion title“political science”,it can be found that Ba Jin s narrative faith is a true manifestation of the transitional family,and the expression of unique life during the period of social transformation.In the novel,the mansion Gao is mainly composed of residential quarters and gardens.The residential areas in mansion is full of the daily political,the relationship shows the useless emotional communication discourse,directly leading to the mansion tragedy.However,the symbol of“nature”and“inclusive”garden is to regulate residence life,embodies the desire of human evolution,expresses Ba Jin s vision of family environment,imagines the harmonious relationship between human civilization,and outlines the ideal social imagination.