公平与科学:美国新一轮SAT考试改革及对我国高考改革的启示

Fairness and Scientificness:The Latest Renewal of SAT Test in U.S. and the Enlightenment to the Change of National College Entrance Examination

人才对国家的发展至关重要。大学入学考试是各国选拔人才的一种重要方式,因此,必须兼顾其科学性与公平性:既要起到选拔人才的作用,又要保证公平选材。SAT作为美国大学入学主要的标准考试之一,历经数次变革,于2016年3月正式启动了新的题型。改革后的SAT考试形式与要求更加接近ACT,与高中所学知识紧密衔接,并在多方面确保弱势学生利益。从此次改革中能看出美国在探索入学考试科学性与公平性的尝试,这对我国新一轮的高考改革有着借鉴意义。我国高考应该深化科学选材:进一步完善过程性评价,弱化一考定终身;扩大学生选择面,科学选拔人才;拓展评价标准,重视综合素质。同时完善公平选材:注重形式公平,缩小城乡、区域差异;兼顾实质公平,完善考试内容设置。

Talents play a significant role in development of a nation.National College Entrance Examination is a vital way to select talents,thus the whole process needs to be fair and the real talents should be picked out.SAT test,one of the most representative standardized exams,was renewed from the March,2016,and has been experienced several changes since it was bornThe main measures are as followed:Firstly,it looks more like ACT;Secondly,it connects more with the knowledge of high school text books;And it assures benefits of the disadvantaged students from many aspects.From this change,it is not very hard to find out how America explored the reasonable and fair test to select talents,which provides us a lesson on how to reform our National College Entrance Examination.We should concentrate more on the process assessment instead of letting one test counts all;students should be given more choices on what to be tested;The comprehensive qualities are supposed to be highlighted.Meanwhile,the gap between urban and rural needs to be narrowed and the contents of testing need to be reset.