两位改革家的强国之梦——李端棻、黎庶昌改革与变法活动评述

On Two Reformers' Dreams of Building a Strong Nation:A Review on Li Duanfen and Li Shuchang's Reform Activities

李端棻与黎庶昌均在同治初年步入仕途,一在京师,一在江南。后黎庶昌出任外交官,二人相见机会不多,但志趣相投,都抱有"强国之梦",而且力主改革,要求"整饬内政,酌用西法"。黎氏的治国方略被扼杀,强国之梦破灭,但仍在川东地区大兴实业,发展商务贸易,并办学育才,小试牛刀。李端棻长期主持多省乡试,甄拔人才,深知科举流弊,立誓从教育制度改革入手,上《推广学校折》,并积极参加变法维新运动。变法失败,仍坚守维新素志,寄希望于未来。

Li Duanfen and Li Shuchang stepped into the official career in the same year with one in the capital of and the other in regions south of the Yangtze River.Although they had little chance to meet each other,they had the same ambition-building a strong nation.They both held an idea of reform by means of rectifying the internal affairs and applying western methods.Li Shuchang’s idea about the strategy of running a state was throttled,but he still strived to develop industry and commercial trade,and simultaneously ran schools.Li Duanfen focused on provincial examination of different provinces for a long time,he knew the deficiencies of imperial competitive examination and determined to reform the contemporary educational system through presenting suggestions and attending reform movement of 1898.Even if the reform movement failed,he still held the reform idea and posed his hope on the future.