医学高等院校青年教师二胎生育意愿及其阻碍因素的调查分析

Investigation of second childbirth expectation for teachers at the fertility age in medical college and analysis of its inhibitory factors

[目的]了解医学高等院校青年教师的二胎生育意愿并分析其阻碍因素。[方法]通过问卷调查医学高等院校青年教师的二胎生育意愿,采用半结构式访谈法分析医学高等院校青年教师二胎生育意愿的阻碍因素。然后,根据访谈结果结合文献报道提出提升医学高等院校青年教师二胎生育意愿的策略。[结果]57%的青年教师无生育二胎的意愿,其阻碍因素包括经济压力、工作压力、社会支持缺乏、一胎性别的影响、生育第一胎时年龄偏大。[结论]青年教师对二胎的生育意愿较低,传统的高生育水平下的生育观已经发生了根本性的改变。如果不尽快去除阻碍因素、实施二胎生育意愿提升策略,医学高等教育业将有可能进入低生育率陷阱。

Objective:To investigate the second childbirth expectation for teachers at the fertility age in medical college and analyze its inhibitory factors.Methods:Using questionnaire and semi structured interview to investigate the second childbirth expectation for teachers at the fertility age in medical college and its inhibitory factors respectively.Then put forward suggestions according to the study results and literature reports.Results:57%of teachers who were at the fertility age in medical college would not be willing to have a second child,the inhibitory factors included:economic pressures,work stress,lack of social support,the sex of the first child,be older when having the first births.Conclusion:The second childbirth expectation for teachers who were at the fertility age in medical college was low,the concept of fertility under the traditional high fertility level had changed fundamentally.If the inhibiting factors could not be removed as soon as possible,and the strategy of promoting the second childbirth intention should be carried out,there might be a low fertility trap appeared in the medical higher education industry.