明代漳州府科举家族的规模及地域、时间分布

The Scale, Region and Time Distribution of the Imperial Examination Family in Zhangzhou Prefecture in the Ming Dynasty

明代漳州府先后出现71个科举家族,数量上在全省属中等水平,然其规模总体上偏小,漳州没有累世显宦的科举大家族,这与其经济、文化水平是不相称的。这些科举家族主要分布在漳浦、龙溪二县,长泰、龙岩、诏安、海澄、南靖、镇海卫仅有零星分布,这与置县历史的长短、各县整体的综合实力以及家族对专经的选择与坚守密切相关。明代漳州科举家族虽然起步较晚,但是中、后期发展迅速,其新增科举家族数量于隆庆追平福州,并逐渐超过福州、兴化二府,这与隆庆元年朝廷开放月港作为海上贸易通商口岸所带来的漳州经济的强劲发展密切相关。

There appeared 71 imperial families in Zhangzhou in the Ming Dynasty,lying in the medium level in the province.But the overall scale was too small in that there were no prominent imperial families in Zhangzhou,which failed to commensurate its economic and cultural situation.The imperial families were mainly distributed in Zhangpu,Longxi Counties,and in Changtai,Longyan,Zhao’an,Haicheng,Nanjing,Zhenhaiwei,there was only a sporadic distribution,which was closely related to the overall strength of the county and the county history.Although the imperial families in Zhangzhou in the Ming Dynasty developed late,they got rapid development in the middle and late stage of the Dynasty.The new imperial families outnumbered Fuzhou,Xinghua,in the reign of Longqing,as the result of the strong economic development due to the opening of Yue Port.