与数字“一”相关的中韩四字成语对比研究

A Comparative Study on Four-character Idioms Related to “One” between China and South Korea

本文利用文献研究、对比研究及定性定量分析的方法,从词形词义的视角对中韩与数字"一"相关的四字成语进行了形态、意义的对比分析,统计出65对同形词、24对异形同义词,找出了11个韩国独创的含"一"四字成语,并从成语源流、释义的角度探讨了同形异义词产生的原因。结论认为:同形词中绝大部分为同形同义词,说明中国语言文化对韩国的影响深远。但在传播过程中受韩国文化自身的影响,或者只引进本义未引进引申义,或者生成了新的引申义等原因造成了同形异义词的产生。而由于中韩两国语言习惯不同,数字成语传播到韩国后被本土化改造,产生了异形同义词。受汉语成语影响,韩国语中也存在一些自创的含"一"四字成语,这些成语均有典故,不能望文生义。

This paper contains the methods of literature research, comparative study and qualitative & quantitative analysis. By using these method, the writer analyzes the form and meaning of the four-character idioms related to the word “one” between Chinese and Korean. According to the statistics, 65 pairs of homographs, 24 pairs of Allo-graphic synonyms, and 11 original Korean four-character idioms related to the word “one” were found. From the perspective of idiom origin and its paraphrase, the causes of homographs were explored in the paper. The conclusions are as follows: The majority of idioms with the same forms are synonymous, indicating that Chinese language and culture has a farreaching impact on Korea. In the process of dissemination, which is influenced by Korean culture itself, the reason for the occurrence of homographs is that either the introduction of original meaning without its metaphorical meaning, or the new meaning is generated. And the different language habits between China and Korea made the idioms related to characters be localized, resulting in synonyms with different forms. By the influence of Chinese idioms, original Korean four-character idioms related to the word “one” are generated, and we can’t take the words too literally because of their unique allusions.