干旱胁迫下郑麦7698的抗旱性能及光合特性分析

Drought Tolerance and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Zhengmai 7698 under Drought Stress Condition

以周麦18为对照品种,研究了正常灌水与干旱胁迫下郑麦7698开花期的抗旱和光合特性及成熟期产量性状,为小麦抗旱育种提供理论依据。结果表明,正常灌水条件下,郑麦7698叶片相对含水量,渗透调节物含量,抗氧化酶活性,根系活力、根系体积与根系干质量,rbcl与rbcs相对表达量,Rubisco活性,光合作用参数,产量性状与周麦18均无显著性差异。干旱胁迫条件下,郑麦7698叶片相对含水量较周麦18高12.3%,脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量分别较周麦18高32.1%、10.0%、16.3%,SOD、POD、CAT活性分别较周麦18高11.5%、13.8%、6.8%,根系活力、根系体积、根系干质量分别较周麦18高14.3%、20.3%、9.0%,rbcl和rbcs相对表达量分别较周麦18高29.2%和27.1%,Rubisco活性较周麦18高33.4%,光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度分别较周麦18高20.0%、53.3%、25.7%,单株生物量、穗粒数、千粒质量分别较周麦18高8.3%、5.4%、7.0%,差异均达显著或极显著水平。结果表明,干旱胁迫下,郑麦7698具有较好的抗旱性能与光合特性及产量优势。

Abstract:In this study,we used Zhengmai 7698 and Zhoumai 18 as materials to research their drought resistance,photosynthetic characteristics at flowering stage and yield traits at mature stage under non-stress and drought stress conditions,so as to provide theoretical references for breeding drought resistant wheat varieties.Under non-stress condition,leaf relative water content,osmolytes content,antioxidant enzyme activity,root activity,root volume,root dry weight,relative expression levels of rbcl and rbcs,Rubisco activity,photosynthesis indexes and yield characteristics of Zhengmai 7698 were not significantly different from those of Zhoumai 18.Under drought stress condition,the leaf relative water content of Zhengmai 7698 was 12.3%higher than Zhoumai 18,the proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein contents were 32.1%,10.0%,16.3%higher,SOD,POD and CAT activities were 11.5%,13.8%,6.8%higher,root vigor,root volume and root dry weight were 14.3%,20.3%,9.0%higher than Zhoumai 18,respectively.The relative expression levels of rbcl and rbcs were 29.2%and 27.1%higher,the Rubisco activity was 33.4%higher,the photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were 20.0%,53.3%,25.7%higher,the biomass per plant,grain number per spike and 1 000-grain weight were 8.3%,5.4%,7.0%higher than Zhoumai18,respectively.These results indicate that Zhengmai 7698 has stronger drought resistance,photosynthetic characteristics and yield advantages under drought stress condition.