民国时期(1912-1949年)上海国药业发展探析

Analysis of Development of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry in Period of Republic of China(1912-1949)

本文从民国以前上海国药业、民国时期上海国药业、民国时期上海国药业的特点以及国药业与西药业比较四个方面,论述了上海国药业发展的历史。通过研究,认为民国时期上海国药业已经形成,无论是国药店的数量还是规模较清代显著提升,行业内部成立了同业公会,维护行业正常运行。国药业生产制作的成药和饮片治疗疾病种类基本覆盖了各科常见病、多发病,广大病患者使用后疗效显著,由此著名品牌药物脱颖而出,成为著名药店良性循环提升的积极动力和立足之本。国药业继承发扬了传统药店加工制作饮片和成药的理论和技术,也注意吸收西药剂型之长,创办中药制药厂,取得了时代性的进步。同时,上海作为当时重要的高级药材市场,为国药业发展提供了直接而有力的支撑。在抵御外来侵略的战争动荡之下,国药业命运起伏不定,步履艰难。

This article introduces the history of Shanghai traditional Chinese medicine industry in the Republic of China from the former state of Shanghai traditional Chinese medicine industry,Shanghai traditional Chinese medicine industry in the Republic of China,the characteristics of Shanghai traditional Chinese medicine industry in the Republic of China and the comparison between the traditional Chinese medicine industry and the western medicine industry.Through the study,we believe that the Shanghai traditional Chinese medicine industry has been formed in the Republic of China.No matter the number or scale of the national pharmaceutical has been significantly improved compared with the Qing Dynasty and the trade association is formed to maintain the normal operation of the industry.Chinese herbal medicine and Chinese patent medicine for the treatment of disease types basically cover the common diseases.Through the remarkable curative effect of the majority of patients,the famous brand Chinese patent medicine stand out and became the positive driving force and the foothold of the famous pharmacy.Traditional Chinese medicine industry has inherited and developed the traditional theory and technology,learned the advantages of western medicine dosage form,founded the pharmaceutical factory of traditional Chinese Medicine,and achieved the progress of the times.As an important advanced Chinese herbal medicine market at that time,Shanghai has provided a direct and powerful support for the development of its country’s pharmaceutical industry.Under the turmoil of war against foreign aggression,the fate of the Chinese pharmaceutical industry was uncertain and difficult.