微生物燃料电池能量收集技术研究进展

Research Progress on Energy Harvesting Technology of Microbial Fuel Cells

微生物燃料电池(MFC)是一种将有机物中的化学能直接转化为电能的装置,在废水处理和新能源开发领域具有广阔的应用前景。但MFC产电功率密度过低且不稳定,构成回路的外部电阻是一种耗能元件,能量均以热能的形式消耗,无法正常驱动电子器件。在实际应用中,需要考虑设计一种适用于微生物燃料电池的能量收集系统包括静态管理系统和动态最大功率点跟踪系统是MFC发展和实际应用的关键。能量收集系统可以将MFC产生的微弱能量存储变换,以合适稳定的输出间歇驱动负载,使MFC低能量输出具有了实际应用价值。重点阐述了针对于微生物燃料电池的能量收集技术及研究现状,并对未来研究方向和面临的挑战进行了展望。

Microbial fuel cell(MFC)is a device which can convert chemical energy into electrical energy directly,it has broad application prospects in the field of wastewater treatment and new energy development.However,the power density of MFC is too low and unstable,moreover,the external resistance of the circuit is a kind of energy dissipation component.The energy is consumed in the form of heat energy,which can not normally drive the electronic devices.In practical applications,it is necessary to consider the design of an energy harvesting system including static management system and dynamic maximum power point tracking system which are the key to the development and practical application of MFC.The energy harvesting system can transform the weak energy storage generated by MFC to the appropriate stable output to drive the load intermittently,so that the low energy output of MFC has practical application value.The energy collection technology and research status of microbial fuel cell are mainly discussed,and the future research direction and challenges are prospected