不同生物质活性炭的合成与电化学性能

Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Different Biomass-derived Carbons

以废弃杨木、柏木及核桃壳3种生物质为碳源,以磷酸为水热助剂和活化剂,经过水热碳化、活化后得到超级电容器用活性炭.用热分析系统对不同碳源的热分解过程进行了分析,用傅里叶红外光谱和X射线衍射仪分析了样品晶型与表面官能团,用恒流充放电和循环伏安法评价了样品的电化学性能以及影响电化学性能的关键因素.结果表明,在有机电解液中,当电流密度为0.1 A/g时,杨木活性炭样品的比容量高达97 F/g,当功率密度为757 W/kg时,其能量密度可达237 Wh/kg.本实验可对废弃生物质的高值循环利用提供参考.

High-performance activated carbons for super capacitors have been synthesized via hydrothermal carbonization and activation with the phosphoric acid as activation agent by using three kinds of biomass wastes(poplar,cupressus funebris and walnut shell)as the carbon source.Thermal decomposition process of carbon source is analyzed by Thermal Gravity.The surface functional groups and crystal structure of synthesized activated carbon samples are analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction.The electrochemical performance of the three biomass-based activated carbons is evaluated by galvanostatic charge/discharge and cyclic voltammetry tests,and the key factors affecting the electrochemical performance are analyzed.The results show that in organic electrolyte,when the current density is 0.1 A/g,the specific capacitance of poplar is 97 F/g and when energy density is 237 Wh/kg,its energy density is 757 W/kg.This method provides a reference for high value recycling of waste biomass丆which is of great environmental value.Key words丗bi