基于汽车低速碰撞的前保险杠系统安全性能研究

Research on safety performance of front bumper system based on automobile low-speed collision

以某乘用车前保险杠系统为研究对象,首先基于加拿大法规CFVSS215建立了正面碰撞和角度碰撞两种工况的保险杠低速碰撞有限元模型。其次从吸能、碰撞器加速度、碰撞器侵入量、横梁变形量和恢复系数几个方面对仿真结果进行分析,结果表明此保险杠在低速工况下具有较好的吸能作用,能很好地保护后部车体,但是恢复能力一般。最后提出改进方案,改进后的保险杠质量降低了21%,两种工况下的恢复系数分别增加了21.95%和96.88%,极大地提高了保险杠碰后恢复能力,而且还实现了轻量化目标。

Taking the front bumper system of a passenger car as the object of study,firstly,based on the Canadian CFVSS215,a finite element model of the bumper system of low-speed collision is set up in frontal and angle collisions.Secondly,the simulation results are analyzed from the aspects of energy absorption,the acceleration of the collider,the intrusion of the collider,the deformation of the beam and the coefficient of recovery.The results show that the bumper has good energy absorption at low speed,and can protect the rear car body well,but its recovery ability is general.Finally,the improvement plan is put forward.The quality of the bumper system after modified is reduced by 21%,and the recovery coefficient of the two working conditions increased by 21.95%and 96.88%respectively,which greatly improved the recovery ability of bumper system and realized lightweight target.