限制水域船舶升沉与纵倾研究

Research on Ship Sinkage and Trim in Restricted Water

基于非线性浅水波理论,利用有限差分法对Wigley、泰勒系列60等船型的压力分布及升沉与纵倾进行了数值计算与结果验证,并进一步考虑限制水域阻塞效应影响,计算了四种阻塞系数下船舶的升沉与纵倾随水深弗劳德数的变化曲线,综合分析了亚临界、超临界航速下阻塞效应对船体升沉与纵倾的影响特点。在亚临界航速时,主要发生船体下沉现象,随着航速增大,阻塞效应将引起船体更大下沉;在超临界航速时,主要发生船体纵倾现象,随着航速增大,船舶升沉与纵倾逐渐趋于稳定;在近临界航速时,阻塞效应影响最大,使得船体周围压力变化复杂,反而引起船体纵倾变小,且出现上升现象。

Based on nonlinear theory,pressure,sinkage and trim caused by the Wigley or Taylor standard series ships is calculated by using the finite difference method and compared with experimental results.With consideration of blockage effect of restricted water,ship's sinkage and trim for four types of blockage coefficient and variations with depth Froude number is calculated.In the range of subcritical speed,the ship mainly sinks,and sinkage of the ship becomes greater with increase of ship speed.In the range of supercritical speed,the ship mainly trims,and with increase of ship speed,sinkage and trim of the ship tends to relatively stable.Near the critical speed,the blockage effect becomes greater,and because of the complicated pressure fluctuation the ship tends to rise and little trim.