一种动态退避的无线传感器网络MAC协议

MAC Protocol Based on Predictive Wakeup Mechanism and Dynamic Backoff for WSN

在无线传感器网络中,基于接收方发起数据传输的异步MAC协议常用来解决传输过程中前导码长时间占用信道的现象,但是存在数据传输冲突和传输延时等问题。为此,提出了一种基于预测唤醒机制的自适应的MAC协议。协议中发送节点通过预测唤醒选择最优唤醒时间,接收节点自适应地调节自身占空比完成剩余数据传输。同时发送节点根据发送数据量动态选择退避时间,解决了因节点空闲侦听造成的能量浪费问题,减少了多个节点同时发送产生的冲突,延长了网络的生命周期。仿真结果表明,该协议在随机网络中占空比为7.59%,平均碰撞次数为9.56次,相比类似协议,均有所降低。并在数据传输延时、能量消耗方面具有明显优势。随着流量负载的增大,协议工作保持稳定。

In the wireless sensor network,the asynchronous MAC protocol based on the receiver initiates the data transmission is often used to solve the problem that the preamble occupies the channel for a long time in the transmission process,but there are some problems such as data transmission conflict and transmission delay.In this paper,an adaptive MAC protocol based on predictive wake mechanism is proposed.In the protocol,the sending node selects the optimal wake-up time by predictive wake mechanism.The receiving node adjusts its own duty cycle to complete the remaining data transmission.At the same time,the sending node dynamically selects the backoff time according to the amount of data sent,which solves the problem of energy waste caused by the idle listening of the node,reduces the conflict caused by sending multiple nodes at the same time,and prolongs the life cycle of the network.The simulation results show that the duty cycle of the protocol is 7.59%in the random network,and the average