水生生物病原核酸适配体研究进展

Advances in Study of Aptamers in Pathogens of Aquatic Organisms

核酸适配体(Aptamer)是指利用指数富集配体系统进化(Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment,SELEX)技术筛选得到的能特异性识别和结合靶标的ssDNA或RNA分子,具有高亲和力和高特异性的特点,在快速检测和靶向治疗方面应用广阔。近年来,水生生物细菌和病毒性病原疾病的频繁暴发,严重制约了水生态的健康以及水产养殖业的迅速发展。核酸适配体作为一种新型的识别分子,在水生生物病原的应用上也已取得了一些进展。本文对水生生物细菌和病毒性病原核酸适配体的筛选,及其在检测和治疗领域的研究现状进行综述,并对该领域核酸适配体技术的应用方向进行展望。

Aptamers generated by selective evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment(SELEX)are short,single-stranded nucleic acid oligomers.They display a high degree of affinity and specificity for their targets,and widely used in rapid detection and targeted therapy study.In recent years,frequent outbreaks of aquatic bacterial and viral pathogenic diseases have severely restricted the health of aquatic ecosystems and the rapid development of aquaculture.a new type of recognition molecule,aptamers have been applied in related study and acquired some achievements.In this paper,the selection of aquatic bacterial and viral pathogen aptamers and their research status in the field of detection and treatm ent are reviewed,and the application prospects of aptamers in this field are prospected.