赤裸生命、例外状态与命运共同体——论阿甘本生命政治的困境及其解决

Bare Life,State of Exception and Community of Common Destiny

阿甘本以赤裸生命和例外状态为核心概念,建构了其生命政治哲学。阿甘本认为,现代政治的重要特征是,人的生命被政治化,人变成了神圣人,人的生命变成了赤裸生命。而这种赤裸生命所存身的空间就是例外状态,例外状态是现代政治治理的典范,而例外状态又以集中营为其典范。阿甘本的现代生命政治理论是对极权主义和现代政治的批判,它揭示了现代生命政治的困境,并试图用形式生命和共同体的建构来解决这一困境。面对阿甘本所提出的现代政治的困局,只有从人类命运共同体的视角,打破国家之间、民族之间和人与人之间的壁垒,才是彻底解决生命政治提出的困局之路,也是通向人类社会发展的未来的共产主义社会即自由人的联合体的共同体的必经之路。

Agamben constructed his bio-political philosophy with the key concepts of bare life and the state of exception. Agamben argues that,the important features of modern politics are that human life is politicized,human turns to homo sacra,and human life turns to bare life. The space of bare life is state of exception which is a paradigm of modern political governance,and the concentration camp is the paradigm of state of exception. Agamben' s modern bio-political theory is a critique to totalitarianism and modern politics. It reveals the predicament of modern life politics,and attempts to solve it by the construction of life and community. The only way to resolve Agamben ' s predicament is,from the perspective of "community of common destiny for all mankind",to break the barriers between states,nations and people. And it is the only way to the communist society which is the community of the combination of free men.