广州市30-49岁女教师骨质与营养状况的相关性分析

Correlation analysis of the bone mass and nutritional status of 30-49-year-old female teachers in Guangzhou

背景:30-49岁年龄段的女教师是学校教学和管理的中坚力量,由于身受职业紧张以及家庭负担等因素的影响,可能会导致女性的生理、心理等方面出现功能失调,另外30-49岁是女性各项指标转入下降的重要时期,其营养状况、血压以及骨质状况应引起足够的关注。目的:评估广州市30-49岁女教师营养状况及骨质状况的关系,为其提供科学的健身建议。方法:随机抽取广州市266名30-49岁健康女教师作为受试对象,测试其身体形态指标、血压及骨密度,分析年龄、身高、体质量、体质量指数、腰臀比与血压以及骨密度的相关性。结果与结论:(1)广州市30-49岁女教师的营养不良发生率随着年龄的增加而下降,而超重和肥胖的检出率随着年龄的增加显著增加(P<0.01);(2)相关性分析发现30-49岁女教师血压与年龄、身高、体质量、体质量指数、腰臀比以及体脂百分比呈显著正相关(P<0.01);(3)而30-49岁女教师的骨密度受年龄、身高、体质量、体质量指数、腰臀比以及体脂百分比影响不大(P>0.05),但是30-34岁年龄组的骨质疏松检出率显著高于其他年龄组(P<0.01);(4)结果提示,广州市30-49岁女教师随着年龄增加营养不良率下降但是肥胖的风险增大,高血压的检出率增加,而骨质疏松的发生可能呈年轻化趋势。

BACKGROUND:Female teachers aged 30-49 years old are the backbone of the school teaching and management.However,the occupation stress,family burden and other factors may lead to their physiological and psychological disorders.Moreover,the age of 30-49 years is an important period that the female indicators begin to decrease,so their nutritional status,blood pressure and bone status should be paid more attention.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the bone mass and nutritional status of female teachers aged 30-49 years old in Guangzhou,thus providing scientific advice for exercise plan.METHODS:Totally 226 healthy female teachers aged 30-49 years old were selected,and their body shape indexes,blood pressure and bone density were tested to analyze the correlation of age,height,body mass,body mass index,waist-hip ratio,blood pressure and bone density.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In 30-49-year old female teachers,the malnutrition rate decreased with aging,while the prevalence of overweight and obesity significantly increased with aging(P<0.01).Correlation analysis showed that the blood pressure was positively correlated with age,height,body mass,body mass index,waist-hip ratio and body fat percentage(P<0.01),but the bone density was little affected by all above indexes(P>0.05).Beside,the prevalence of osteoporosis in the 30-34 years old group was significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.01).These results indicate that female teachers aged 30-49 years in Guangzhou exhibit a reduction in the malnutrition rate but an increase in the risk of obesity and prevalence of hypertension with aging.However,age at onset of osteoporosis tends to be younger in patients.