老年人肌力能力评估:基于层次分析-模糊综合评价法

Muscle strength evaluation in older adults: based on hierarchical analysis-fuzzy comprehensive analysis method

背景:面对中国老龄化现状,政府高度重视养老服务的发展,积极探寻解决问题的方法。老年人肌力能力与日常生活息息相关,如何科学、健康、专业化评估和护理老年人是解决问题的宗旨。目的:采用主客观结合的层次分析法(APH)-模糊综合评价法,对肌力能力进行综合评估。方法:实验选取与日常肌力活动关联度高的肩、肘、腕、髋、膝、踝六大关节,运用层次分析法构建肌力评估指标体系,确定各指标的权重值,利用模糊综合评价法对老年人肌力能力划分等级,建立一种新型的主客观结合的老年人肌力测试量化评估模型。选取北京某康复中心50名老年人进行测试,综合评价老年人肌力能力分级模型的可行性及准确性。结果与结论:(1)由专业医生和专家采用等速测试仪规范操作检测、判断老年人的肌力能力(能力完好、轻度失能、中度失能、重度失能)的数据与模型系统评估数据对比结果显示,模型系统评估等级的吻合度较高,4个分类的准确率均在80%以上,评估规则基本满足要求。(2)试验从整合定性和定量两方面提出AHP-模糊老年人肌力能力评估方法,从而解决了问卷调查中因评估员主观因素造成评估结果不同的问题,为评估老年人肌力能力提供了更客观、量化、完善的评估方法。

BACKGROUND:Focusing on the challenge of population aging,the Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of pension services,and actively explores ways to solve the problem.The muscle strength of the older adults is closely related to their daily life,and how to scientifically and effectively assess and attend the elderly is critical.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the muscle strength of the older adults using a new combination of subjective and objective quantitative evaluation model.METHODS:Six joints of shoulder,elbow,wrist,hip,knee and ankle with high correlation with daily muscle activity were selected.The analytic hierarchy process was used to build muscle strength index system,the weight values of each index were determined.The muscle strength was classified by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,and a new combination of subjective and objective quantitative evaluation model was established.Fifty older individuals from a rehabilitation center of Beijing were selected to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of the new model.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the professional doctors,the new model for muscle strength grading exhibited the significantly similar results,and the accuracy rate of four classifications was above 80%,which met the measurement requirements.The new combination of subjective and objective quantitative evaluation model overcomes the problems due to subjective factors in questionnaire,and provides a more objective,quantified and improved method for assessing the muscle strength in the older adults.