亲子抚养与隔代抚养家庭儿童动力绘画比较分析

Comparison of Kinetic Family Drawing of Parents Raised Children and Skip-generation Raised Children

儿童对家庭的感受以及情绪的表达,除了语言之外,绘画活动是通往他们内心的重要工具。同时,家庭模式和结构的改变,影响着儿童对家庭的认知。隔代抚养家庭下的儿童,他们与亲子抚养家庭儿童在家庭关系、自我概念等等方面有何差异,引发很多学者关注。本研究在Burns和Kaufman的家庭动力绘画(K-F-D)理论的基础上,对亲子抚养家庭和隔代抚养家庭儿童的家庭动力绘画进行分析讨论,并从绘画表现的差异特征中了解和探知其家庭关系和家庭成员的互动情况。研究结果表明:1)亲子抚养家庭的互动较隔代抚养家庭较差,存在父母对儿童的潜在忽视;2)隔代抚养家庭的养大于育,儿童存在情绪困扰状况,对父母认同感较低;3)不论亲子抚养还是隔代抚养家庭,家庭的阅读气氛不佳。

Apart from language,drawing is the most important tool for children to express their feeling and emotion to family,while,family pattern and structure influences children’s cognition on family.Today,scholars payincreasing attention to the differences between children from parents raised family and skip-generation raised family in their family relationship and self-cognition.Theresearch explores the differences between them in their family relationship and interactions with family members from their performance in drawing on the basis of theoretical analysis of Kinetic Family Drawing(K-F-D)proposed by Burns and Kaufman.Results show that:1.The present situation of family interaction in parent raising family is poorer than that in skip-generation raising family and it is a fact that parents neglect the interaction with children to variable extent;2.Emphasis is put on raising rather than nurturing in skip-generation raising family,and in the face of emotional disturbance,children lack sense of identity to parents;3.Family reading in both types of family is not in an optimistic situation.