《四川一好人》戏剧结构中的陌生化应用

Defamiliarization Effect in the Structure of The Good Person of Szechwan

《四川一好人》是德国著名戏剧家布莱希特晚期的代表作,较集中地体现了布莱希特的陌生化理论。文章拟从戏剧结构的角度分析剧中陌生化的应用——序幕、楔子的运用破除了舞台幻觉,中断了剧情;"面具"的巧妙使用展现了主人公矛盾的人格,引发观众思考;开放式的结局呼吁观众寻找出路。剧作家旨在使观众避免"共鸣"的影响,激发观众对于社会的冷静思考,从而唤起观众改造世界的决心和勇气。

As one of Brecht’s later plays,The Good Person of Szechwan embodies Brecht’s theory of“defamiliarization effect”(Verfremdungseffekt in German)vividly,especially in its structure.The prologues interrupt the plot and dismiss the fantasies created in the stage;the character’s masquerade shows her paradoxical personality and provokes the audience's reflection;the open ending encourages the audience to find the way out.Brecht aimed to avoid the audience's empathy with the characters,but instead made the audience reflect the social reality calmly and thus took actions to change the world.