非模型依赖的导热系数稳态测量实验设计

Model-Independent Measurement of Thermal Conductivity with Steady-State Method

基于不良热导体导热系数稳态测量法,提出了一种新型实验设计。该方法相比于传统方案,具有非模型依赖、实验结果无偏、物理过程直观、可同时给出散热速率等优势,更有利于大学物理实验教学。针对这种方法,对实验与理论的协调性、具体实验操作、实验结果不确定性等具体问题进行了分析,并使用模拟实验对上述分析结果进行验证。

A new experimental design is proposed to measure the thermal conductivity of poor conductors in the framework of the steady-state method.Compared with conventional approaches,the new design is model-independent without potential bias,and vividly presents Fourier’s law of thermal transmission.It also provides the rate of thermal convection in a single set of experiment.Thus,our design may benefit the experimental education of college physics.We also discuss its compatibility with thermal theory,experimental process,and uncertainty of experimental results in detail.A numerical simulation of this design is carried out to support our claim.