高机动化水平下的公园步行到访及其意向分层——洛杉矶市的启示

Willingness Changes in Walking to Parks in Response to Income Stratification Under High-level Motorization:Enlightenment From the City of Los Angeles

中国当前城市化与机动化的快速发展致使公园的低碳游憩出行率显著下降,而户外游憩的大幅增长以及城市游憩出行的复杂性则提示了通过出行行为和意向研究来指导公园布局与步行出行意向相切合,进而有效提升公园低碳游憩出行率的必要性。机动化水平居世界领先地位的洛杉矶市因其近年来的改良发展,可作为中国后续发展的借鉴。文章在全面反思洛杉矶市的建设发展、考察其社会收入分层与中国社会经济发展的对应性的基础上,调研了其45处样本公园,并根据调研人群的收入分层分析了其私车保有和使用情况、到访交通情况和出行意向。结果表明,高机动化水平下步行游憩出行仍具引导和发展空间,但进一步缩减公园的服务半径对于提升步行到访率意义不大。中国后续还将面对更为显著的机动化出行压力,应引起重视并及早寻求应对之策。

With rapid urbanization and motorization of Chinese cities in recent years,walking access to parks has been reduced significantly.But the cut of driving needs a match between the park layout and travel behavior under the instruction of relative studies.The city of Los is a good case because of its early motorization-oriented developments and recent reform for a sustainable future.After reflecting on the city’s developments and surveying its 45 local parks,the study explores its motorization level,the impacts of income levels on social development the wilingness changes in walking to parks.The results indicate that the ratio of walking to parks can be improved even under high-level motorization and that cutting the parks!service distances may not work.This study provides reference for China,which w il be more pressured by motorization and have to seek solutions.