腐殖酸有机肥在烤烟生产上的应用效果

Application Effect of Humic Acid Organic Fertilizer in Flue-cured Tobacco Production

[目的]提高烟叶质量,推动烟草可持续发展。[方法]开展不同腐殖酸有机肥处理田间试验,研究腐殖酸有机肥在烤烟生产中的应用效果。[结果]施用腐殖酸有机肥C[N(10)-P2O5(6)-K2O(24)-Zn(0.2)-B(0.2)-Mg(1.0),有机质8.5%,腐殖酸5.0%]处理,产量、产值等与对照差异最小,用工量减少6.25%,总成本降低9.73%;施用腐殖酸有机肥A[N(6)-P2O5(6)-K2O(18)-Zn(0.2)-B(0.2)-Mg(1.0),有机质16.8%,腐殖酸10.0%]处理,外观质量和感官质量等方面均较优,对改善烟叶质量的作用更突出。[结论]施用腐殖酸有机肥烤烟前期长势缓慢,产量、产值低,综合抗病性较强,均价、上等烟比例和上中等烟比例高,中部叶还原糖和总植物碱等含量低,香气量、感官质量档次高,成本降低。

[Objective]To improve the quality of tobacco leaf and promote the sustainable development of tobacco industry.[Method]A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different organic fertilizers containing humic acid on tobacco leaf quality.[Result]Compared to the control,tobacco with the application of organic fertilizer containing humic acid C showed a little difference in yield and output value,a reduce in labor employment and total cost of 6.25%and 9.73%,respectively.Application of organic fertilizer containing humic acid A could play an important role in improving the leaf quality,resulting in both good appearance quality and sensory quality.[Conclusion]Tobacco treated with organic fertilizer containing humic acid showed slower growth rate,lower yield and output value,but better comprehensive resistance to disease,higher average price,higher proportion of upper grade tobacco leaves,higher ratio of the middle class and superior leaves,lower contents of reducing sugars and total plant alkaloid,better aroma characteristics and sensory quality,as well as lower production cost.