不同充填复垦方式下土壤有机碳的空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon Under Different Reclamation Modes

以济宁煤矿复垦区为研究对象,研究不同充填材料对土壤有机碳(SOC)和土壤有机碳密度(SOCD)空间分布的影响。通过对黄河沙(M1)、湖泥(M2)、矸石(M3)、煤灰(M4)和客土(M5)等充填材料的复垦地进行分层采样和室内化验分析,找出影响充填复垦土壤的SOC及SOCD分布的因素。研究表明:(1)5种复垦土壤的SOC含量在4.19?11.29 g·kg-1之间,SOCD在3.41?10.09 kg·m-2之间。与对照耕地相比,五种复垦土壤的SOC含量均显著偏低(P<0.05)。除M2b和M5的SOCD大于或等于对照耕地的SOCD外,其他复垦土壤的SOCD均小于各自对照耕地的SOCD;(2)复垦土壤的SOC和SOCD在表层集聚,随着土层深度增加,除了M4b,其余复垦土壤的SOC和SOCD均呈逐渐降低的趋势;(3)从恢复效果来看,不同充填材料对SOC和SOCD在0?60 cm土层的总值具有一定的影响,五种充填材料对有机碳的恢复效果由好到差为:M2>M5>M1>M4>M3。结论:充填层的充填材料会影响在0?60 cm土层SOC和SOCD的总值,但不影响剖面分布。SOC和SOCD在不同土层深度(0?20 cm、20?40 cm和40?60 cm)与碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾呈显著或极显著的正相关,因而说明复垦土壤覆土层的土壤养分情况会影响SOC和SOCD的土壤剖面分布。

Abstract:In this paper,the effects of different filling materials on soil organic carbon(SOC)and soil organic carbon density(SOCD)spatial distribution were studied by taking the reclamation area of Jinan coal mine as the research object.Through stratified sampling and laboratory analysis,the reclaimed land of filling materials such as the sand of Yellow River(M1),the lake mud(M2),the gangue(M3),the coal ash(M4)and the foreign soil(M5)were collected and analyzed in laboratory.The factors influencing the distribution of SOC and SOCD in filling and reclaimed soil were found out.The results showed:(1)The SOC content of 5 reclaimed soil was between 4.19～11.29 g·kg-1 and SOCD between 3.41～10.09 kg·m-2.Compared with control cultivated land,the SOC content in the five reclaimed soils was significantly lower(P<0.05).In addition to the SOCD of M2b and M5 was greater than or equal to the control cultivated land,the SOCD of other reclaimed soils was less than that of the control cultivated land.(2)The SOC and SOCD of reclaimed soil are clustered at the surface layer.With the increase of soil depth,except for M4b,the SOC and SOCD of the reclamation soil decreased gradually.(3)From the recovery effect,different filling materials had a certain effect on the distribution of SOC and SOCD in the 0-60 cm soil layer,and the recovery effect of five fillings on organic carbon from good to bad is:M2>M5>M1>M4>M3.Conclusion:The filling material of the filling layer will affect the total value of SOC and SOCD in the 0～60 cm soil layer,but it will not affect the profile distribution.SOC and SOCD are positively correlated with alkaline nitrogen,effective phosphorus and rapid potassium in different soil depth(0～20 cm,20～40 cm and 40～60 cm),therefore,the soil nutrient status of soil covered with reclaimed soil will affect the soil profile distribution of SOC and SOCD.