中国高铁装备制造业的专利能力评析

Patent Capability of China's High-Speed Rail Equipment Manufacturing Industry

分析24家典型中国高铁装备制造企业专利能力的总体现状发现,高铁装备制造业投资主体单一且市场化程度不高,培养和提升专利能力的基础缺失;专利权的运用、保护和管理能力匮乏,使其难以有效预防和应对专利侵权方面的风险;专利所属技术领域的集中度较高,加上缺失海外专利布局及行业专业预警,使其与国外申请人的专利发生冲突而陷入海外专利侵权的风险剧增;专利所属权利人的集中度极高可能妨碍自由竞争并阻碍该行业技术的发展。总之,中国高铁装备制造业的专利能力建设除创造能力外,运用、管理与保护方面的能力建设尚处在起步阶段,亟待培育和提高。为此,应促进高铁装备制造业投资主体的多元化,重点培养并提升各企业的运用、保护和管理专利权、海外专利布局的意识和能力,加快技术创新扩大申请专利技术领域的范围并提供该行业专门的专利预警分析和服务。

The paper analyzes 24 typical high-speed rail equipment manufacturing enterprises,patent ability in China.There are some findings as follows.The marketization degree of China?s high-speed rail equipment manufacturing industry is not high,the basis of fostering and promoting capacity of training and enhancement is absent.The lack of application,protection and management of patents makes them difficult to prevent and respond to the risks of patent infringement.Patent in technical field belongs to high concentration,coupled with lack of overseas patent layout and industry professional early warning,which makes them into conflict with foreign patent applicant resulted in increasing huge overseas infringement risk.The highly concentration of patentee is likely to impede the development of technology in the industry by impeding free competition.In short,in addition to the creation ability,utilization,management and protection ability construction of China^patent ability of high-speed rail equipment manufacturing industry is still in its infancy.We should promote the diversification of ChinaJs high-speed rail equipment manufacturing investment subject,cultivate and improve theenterprises5 ability to use,protect and manage the patent right,as well as the consciousness and the ability of foreign patent layout.Also,we should expand the scope of patent technology application,and provide special patent early warning analysis and services for the industry.