我国流通产业全要素生产率空间关联和影响因素研究

Research on Spatial Correlation and Influencing Factors of Total Factor Productivity in China's Circulation Industry

流通产业是国民经济发展的基础产业与先导产业,全要素生产率正在日益成为流通产业增长的重要源泉。运用超效率SBM-DEA方法和Malmquist指数测度了2004—2015年我国流通产业全要素生产率,通过空间相关性分析发现,我国流通业全要素生产率在全域和局域上均存在着显著的空间相关性。空间杜宾模型回归结果表明:产业结构的高度化和人口城镇化水平的提高对本省份流通产业TFP具有促进作用,但二者均会对邻域省份的流通业TFP增长产生抑制效应;研发强度的加大和连锁化程度的提升对流通产业TFP增长的提升作用非常显著,且空间溢出效应明显;而产业政策的直接效应和间接效应均很小,未能显著促进流通产业TFP增长。因而,加大产业科技创新投入、发挥规模经营优势、促进产业结构优化升级和提高城镇化质量是促进流通产业TFP增长的关键。

Circulation industry is the fundamental and guiding industry in the development of national economy,and the to-tal factor productivity(TFP)is increasingly becoming an important source for the growth of circulation industry.By using the su-per-efficient SBM-DEA method and Malmquist index,this paper measures the total factor productivity of circulation industry during the years from 2004 to 2015.The spatial correlation analysis shows that there is significant spatial correlation globally and lo-cally in the total factor productivity of circulation industry.The regression result of Spatial Durbin Model(SDM)indicates that both industrial structure advancement and improvement of population urbanization have a positive effect on TFP in circulation industry of a province,but they both have a negative effect on TFP in circulation industry of neighboring provinces.Increasement of the intensity of R&D and enhancement of the degree of chain operation have a significantly positive effect on the growth of TFP in circulation industry and their spatial spillover effect is obvious.With its direct effect and indirect effect very small,industrial pol-icy has no significantly positive effect on the growth of TFP in circulation industry.Therefore,expanding the investment in scientific and technological innovation in industry,giving full play to the advantages of scale operation,promoting the optimization and the upgrading of industrial structure,and improving the quality of urbanization are the key to promoting the growth of TFP in cir-culation industry.