技术进步偏向、要素禀赋与物流业绿色全要素生产率

Technological Progress Bias,Factor Endowment and GTFP in Logistics Industry

选择与资源禀赋相协调的技术进步类型将有效提升物流业的全要素生产率,进而促进经济增长。采用Malmquist-TFP指数分解法,对1995—2015年中国物流业绿色全要素生产率及投入偏向型技术进步指数进行了测算,并对不同类型要素禀赋地区的要素投入偏向进行了比较。研究结果表明:首先,不考虑能源投入以及碳排放强度时,物流业全要素的生产率被显著高估,且资本密集型地区的TFP增速最高;其次,多数地区的投入偏向型技术进步指数大于1,要素投入偏向于资本的使用以及劳动力的节约。从不同类型的要素禀赋地区来看,技术进步的要素投入偏向与地区要素禀赋并不完全匹配,且存在技术选择"悖论",这是导致物流业全要素生产率损失的重要原因。因此,应深化要素市场及社会保障制度改革,选择与要素禀赋类型相匹配的适宜技术,降低技术错配对全要素生产率造成的损失。

The improvement of efficiency in logistics industry can effectively promote the circulation of factors.Choosing the technical progress that is coordinated with resource endowment will improve the TFP in logistics industry effectively and further promote the economic growth.Using the Malmquist-TFP index decomposition method,it measures the GTFP and the inputbiased technological progress index in China’s logistics industry during the years from 1995 to 2015,and compares the preference of factor input in different factor endowment areas.The research results show that:Firstly,without considering the energy input and carbon emission intensity,the TFP index is significantly overestimated and the TFP growth rate in the capitalintensive areas ranks the highest;Secondly,the inputbiased technological progress index is greater than 1 in most areas,with the factor input bias in capitalusing and laborsaving.In terms of the areas with different factor endowments,the factor input bias in technological progress does not match the regional factor endowments totally,and there is a paradox in technology selection,which is the important reason for TFP loss in logistics industry.Therefore,we should deepen the reform of factor market and social security system,choose the appropriate technology in match with factor endowment,and reduce the loss to TFP caused by technology mismatch.