上海自由贸易港“境内关外”概念和机制辨析

On the Exterritorial Features and Mechanism of Shanghai Free Trade Port

自由贸易港是设在一国(或地区)"境内关外"的特殊经济功能区。如何理解"境内关外"将直接影响到自由贸易港的地理边界范围和自由贸易港制度适用的空间。"关外"并非指海关法的完全不适用,而仅指一般情况下关税的豁免和常规海关监管的简化。上海自由贸易港设计的关键是"二线":一方面要高效安全管住,另一方面要创设电子围网的方法便利自贸港区之间、海空港之间的货物流转、储存。

A free trade port is a special economic functional area which is established inside the national territory but outside custom territory of a country(so-called exterritorial features).How to define the exterritorial features of Shanghai Free Trade Port(SFTP)will affect the geographical boundary of SFTP and the applicable area of the SFTP system.The concept of“outside custom territory”should not be understood as absolute non-application of custom legislation,but only as the exemption of customs duties and the simplification of customs procedure in general circumstances.The critical juncture of designing SFTP is to undertake effective and efficient control for security and safety on the boundary line between the free trade port and the inland area.Meanwhile,it is also imperative to set up electronic fences to facilitate the movement of goods between the free trade ports and between seaports and airports.