秦岭产仔大熊猫年龄与下迁时间的关系

The Correlation between the Age of Parturition Female Giant Pandas(Ailuropodamelanoleuca) and Their Migration Date

适宜产仔洞穴的获得对保障大熊猫初生幼仔的存活至关重要,并进而影响产仔雌体自身适合度的大小。本文以前人发表的有关数据为基础,分析了长青自然保护区内产仔雌体年龄与其下迁时间之间的关系。结果表明随雌体年龄的增长,其下迁时间将逐渐提前,以促进对适宜产仔洞穴的有效占据,并进而保障幼仔的顺利存活及提高自身的适合度。本项研究首次报道了后天学习经验对野生大熊猫个体行为的影响,间接证明了适宜产仔洞穴的获得对种群增长的制约作用。在未来保护管理上,可通过构建人工产仔洞穴或改善现有洞穴质量以促进野生大熊猫种群数量的增长。

It is crucial for parturition female giant pandas to occupy suitable maternal dens to ensure their cubs’survival after birth,which further determines their own fitness.Based on the data published,the correlation between the age of parturition females and their migration date in Changqing Nature Reserve is analyzed.The results show that as their age increases,their migration date is gradually advanced,which could promote the occupancy of suitable maternal dens,ensure their own fitness and the survival of cubs.The research takes the lead in reporting the effect of acquired experience upon giant pandas’behaviors,which indirectly implies that the suitable maternal den is a constraint on group population growth.To promote the population growth of giant pandas in future,measures including constructing artificial dens and improving extant dens could be adopted in Changqing Nature Reserve.