早产新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates

目的探讨新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)发病的危险因素。方法收集50例早产坏死性小肠结肠炎早产新生儿作为观察组,另选取同期住院的非坏死性小肠结肠炎早产儿50例为对照组。回顾分析两组新生儿一般资料、围产期资料、合并疾病和早产新生儿患坏死性小肠结肠炎的主要因素。结果观察组患儿在窒息史、先天性心脏病、败血症、缺血性肠病等与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经单因素及多因素分析发现影响早产新生儿患坏死性小肠结肠炎的危险因素主要为败血症、先天性心脏病、缺血性肠病、窒息、胎龄小。结论影响早产新生儿患坏死性小肠结肠炎的因素众多,败血症、先天性心脏病、缺血性肠病、窒息、胎龄小是早产新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的危险因素,对此类早产儿应高度关注,警惕该疾病的发生。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC).Methods 50 premature infants with preterm NEC were selected as observation group,and another 50 premature infants without preterm NEC in the same period were selected as control group.General data,perinatal data,combined diseases,and the main factors of NEC in premature newborns were retrospectively analyzed between the two groups.Results Difference of the history of asphyxia,congenital heart disease,septicaemia and ischemic bowel disease between the observation group and the control group was statistically significant(P<0.05).Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for NEC in premature neonates were mainly septicemia,congenital heart disease,ischemic bowel disease,asphyxia and low gestational age.Conclusion Many factors affect NEC in premature infants,and septicemia,congenital heart disease,ischemic bowel disease,asphyxia and gestational age are risk factors.So preterm infants with these risk factors should be payed high attention to alert the occurrence of this disease.