大连市船舶行业电焊工人职业健康现状调查

Analysis on the key occupational diseases surveillance in Dalian City(2016)

目的对大连市船舶行业电焊工人的职业健康现状进行调查,为大连市船舶行业职业病的防治提供科学依据。方法收集2016年全市船舶行业电焊工人职业健康体检资料6 857份,分析其职业健康现状。结果大连市船舶行业电焊作业环境中以电焊烟尘为主要职业病危害因素;电焊工职业健康体检中异常者2 770人,占40.40%;其中以DR胸片异常为主,其次为血压异常和心电图异常等;胸片异常率随工龄增加而升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);工龄20年以上者肺功能FVC、FEV1.0和FEV1.0/FVC值均有所下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。大连市船舶行业电焊工人所在企业大部分集中在甘井子区和旅顺口区,以小型私有经济为主。结论大连市船舶行业电焊工人职业健康现状较差,应重点加强甘井子区和旅顺口区船舶企业职业卫生管理,预防电焊工人职业相关疾病的发生。

Objective To investigate the occupational health status of welding workers in Dalian shipbuilding industr^^and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of occupational diseases in Dalian.Methods 6857 occupational health physical examination data of electric welding workers were collected in 2016,and their occupational health status w-as analyzed.Results the main occupational-disease-inductive factors in the electric welding operation environment of Dalian shipbuilding industry;The number of aliens in the welders occupational health examination was 2770,accounting for 40.40%.Among them,the abnornal of DR chest was the most important,follow,ed by abnormal blood pressure and abnormal electrocardiogram.The abnormal rate of chest X-ray increased with the increase of working age,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The values of FVC,FEV1.0 and FEV1.0/FVC decreased in the 20 years of working age,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Most of the enterprises in Dalian shipbuilding industry are concentrated in the subregion of Ganjingzi and the Lyushunkou District,mainly in small private economy.Conclusion Shipping industr^^in Dalian electric welding workers'occupational health status is poorer,was seated should focus on strengthening and Lyushunkou shipping enterprise occupational health management,prevent the happening of the welding workers professional related diseases.