内蒙古3个生态区野生扁蓿豆种质资源表型多样性的主成分和聚类分析

Principal component and cluster analysis of phenotypic diversity of wild medicago ruthenica germplasm resources in three ecological regions of Inner Mongolia

试验采用方差分析、主成分分析、聚类分析的方法对内蒙古3种生态类型的15份扁蓿豆种质资源的22个表型性状进行了遗传多样性分析,结果表明:扁蓿豆种质间表型性状变异程度较高,其中叶片长最大,花序长最小,变异系数为9.67%~56.79%;22个表型性状的前5个主成分因子累计贡献率达到89.614%,最大程度上反映了15份扁蓿豆种质的主要表型特征,株高、荚果长、荚果宽、叶形指数、叶片宽、小花长、小花数、花序结荚数、种子宽等性状是造成扁蓿豆种质资源表型差异的主要因素;采用欧氏距离系统聚类法将15份扁蓿豆种质材料分为4大类。该研究主要揭示了扁蓿豆种质的表型遗传多样性,可为扁蓿豆种质资源的鉴定、评价、保存、创新利用及育种提供基础。

In this study,genetic diversity of 22 phenotypic traits of 15 accessions of three ecotypes of medicago ruthenica collected in Inner Mongolia were analyzed by variance analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that the variation of phenotypic traits was significant among the tested cultivars,with the largest leaf length and smallest inflorescence length,and the coefficient of variation was 9.67%～56.79%;the cumulative contribution rate of component factors of the first five main characters of 22 phenotypic traits was 89.614%,which reflected the main phenotypic characteristics of 15 species of medicago ruthenica.The plant height,pod length,pod width,leaf shape index,leaf width,floret number,inflorescence pod number and other traits were the main factors that caused the difference of phenotypic characteristics of medicago ruthenica;eucalyptus distance system clustering method was used to divide 15 accessions of medicago ruthenica species into 4 groups.This study revealed the phenotypic genetic diversity of medicago ruthenica,which could provide the basis for the identification,evaluation,conservation,utilization and breeding of medicago ruthenica.