基于空间计量的环境规制、空间溢出与绿色创新研究

Environmental Regulation,Spatial Spillover and Green Innovation: Analysis Based on Spatial Econometrics

利用中国内地除西藏以外的30个省份2007—2015年的面板数据,基于空间计量模型对绿色创新的空间溢出特征、环境规制异质性与绿色创新的关系、环境规制的直接和间接效应进行研究。结果发现:绿色创新存在显著的空间溢出效应;环境规制对绿色创新的影响具有差异性,其中命令型、公众参与型对绿色产品创新具有显著的正向直接和间接效应;激励型环境规制对绿色产品创新的影响不显著。命令型、公众参与型环境规制对绿色工艺创新均具有显著的正向直接效应,但间接效应均不显著;激励型环境规制对绿色工艺创新有显著正向的直接效应和显著负向的间接效应。此外,地区经济发展水平和人力资本显著促进绿色创新但产业结构抑制绿色创新。

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces except Tibet in China Mainland from 2007 to 2015,the paper studied the spatial spillover of green innovation,analyzed the relationship between environmental regulation and green innovation,and explored the direct and indirect effects through the spatial measurement model.It is found that there is a significant spatial spillover effect on green innovation,and the influence of environmental regulation on green innovation is different.Force-command and public participation environmental regulation have significant positive and indirect effects on green product innovation.However,incentive environmental regulation has little impact on green product innovation.Force-command and public participation environmental regulation have significant positive direct effect on green process innovation,while the indirect effect is not significant.Incentive environmental regulation has a significant direct and positive effect,while the indirect effect on green process innovation is negative.In addition,the level of regional economic development and human capital significantly promote green innovation,but the industrial structure inhibits green innovation.Therefore,in order to achieve regional green innovation,the government should focus on interregional synergies and choose the right environmental regulation policy according to the type of green innovation.