结直肠癌患者营养不良的危险因素分析及营养支持研究

Risk factors of malnutrition and nutritional support in patients with colorectal cancer

目的探讨结直肠癌患者营养不良的危险因素和营养支持状况,为临床合理开展营养支持提供参考。方法采用定点连续抽样法选取2014年10月~2017年9月我院收治的结直肠癌患者600例,于入院次日清晨采用营养风险筛查2002(NRS2002)进行营养风险评估,分析不同性别、年龄患者营养风险状况以及营养风险与营养支持之间的关系。结果共有600例患者入选并完成NRS评分,NRS2002适用率为100.00%;入院时患者营养不良发生率为6.17%(37/600),营养风险发生率为22.67%(136/600),营养不良患者营养风险发生率为100.00%,显著高于无营养不良患者营养风险发生率(P<0.05);男性患者营养风险发生率显著低于女性(P<0.05);老年患者营养风险发生率显著高于非老年患者(P<0.05);600例患者中行营养支持205例(34.17%),存在营养风险者营养支持率显著高于不存在营养风险者(P<0.05)。结论结直肠癌患者营养不良、营养风险的发生率较高,尤其是老年女性患者;NRS2002是结直肠癌患者营养风险筛查的有效工具,可作为临床制定营养支持方案的依据。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of malnutrition and nutritional support in patients with colorectal cancer,in order to provide reference for clinical nutrition support.Methods 600 patients with colorectal cancer who received treatment in our hospital from October 2014 to September 2017 were selected by fixed-point continuous sampling method.Nutritional risk assessment was carried out using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS2002)the next morning after admission.We analyzed the difference in nutritional risk according to gender and age,and the relationship between nutritional risk and nutritional support.Results A total of 600 patients were enrolled and completed NRS with a 100.00%suitable rate of NRS2002.Malnutrition rate at admission were 6.17%(37/600)and incidence of nutritional risk was 22.67%(136/600).Nutritional risk incidence in patients with malnutrition was 100.00%,which was significantly higher than patients without malnutrition(P<0.05).Nutritional risk incidence was significantly lower in male than female(P<0.05)and higher in elderly than non-elderly patients(P<0.05).There were 205 patients(34.17%)who had nutrition support in 600 patients,and nutritional support rate was significantly higher in those with nutritional risk than those without nutritional risk(P<0.05).Conclusion Malnutrition and nutritional risk in patients with colorectal cancer are higher,especially in elderly women.NRS2002 is an effective tool for nutritional risk screening in patients with colorectal cancer,which can be used as a basis for clinical development of nutritional support.