社会主义革命和建设时期苏联对华经济援助

Analysis of Soviet Union Assistance to China During the Socialist Revolution and Construction Period

中华人民共和国成立之初,医治战争创伤、恢复发展国民经济,成为党和国家的工作重心。但建国初期的中国既缺乏人才储备、技术,也缺少必备的机械设备。中苏结盟以后,苏联通过派遣专家、提供技术和设备、低息贷款、开展双边贸易等方式,从经济上对中国进行大规模的援助,从而使中国打破了西方的经济封锁并建立起独立的民族工业体系。苏联的援助,对中国的经济恢复与发展起到了极大的推动作用。但由于苏联的援助主要是出于政治上的考虑,因此,我们应从中苏政治上的分化组合,客观看待这一历史时期经济援助的得失。

At the beginning of our founding,China adopted“one-sided”policy to join the socialist camp.The work of our party and country began to focus on economic construction.But China lacked talents,equipments and machines,which made us to seek economic aid from the Soviet Union.The Soviet Union helped China through dispatching experts,providing technical information,equipments and low-interest loans and carrying out bilateral trade.So China broke the economic blockade of the West and established an independent national industrial system.We had to admit the effect of Soviet Union in restoring and developing China’s economy,but we should also see the problems of itself.We should evaluate this history fairly,so we can gain experience and inspiration.