新时代背景下农村社会工作介入精准扶贫的作用与路径探微

The Role and Path of Rural Social Work Intervention in Targeted Poverty Alleviation under the Background of the New Era

党的十九大报告提出,要动员全党全社会力量,坚持精准扶贫,精准脱贫,坚决打赢脱贫攻坚战。农村社会工作作为一支重要的力量在精准扶贫中具有不可替代的作用。新时代背景下,"三农"问题仍然是主要矛盾的聚焦点、精准扶贫仍然是解决农村贫困问题的政策导向。"增强权能理论"和"优势视角理论"坚持认为个人、团体、家庭和社区都是有优势的基本理论假设及其科学的工作方法,在精准扶贫中能够助力提升贫困群体的自我发展能力,有助于优化精准扶贫的农村社会环境。发挥专业优势,因户因人帮扶、链接社会资源,动员更多社会力量参与、跟进评估,实现精准扶贫的动态追踪在农村社会工作介入精准扶贫的有效路径。

Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the Party Central Committee has put forward that we should mobilize the both strength of the whole Party and entire society to insist on the basic strategy of"targeted poverty alleviation and targeted overcoming poverty",and resolutely win the tough fight of Poverty Alleviation.The rural social work,as an important force,plays an irreplaceable role in Targeted Poverty Alleviation.Under the background of the new era,the Farmer-Agriculture-Rural issue has still been the focus of the main contradictions and Targeted Poverty Alleviation has still been the policy orientation to solve the poverty problem in rural areas."Empowerment Theory"and"Strength Perspective Theory"insist that all of individuals,groups,families and communities have advantages,which will effectively help enhance the self-development ability of the poor in Targeted Poverty Alleviation and help improve the rural social environment through the guidance of their basic theoretical hypothesis and scientific methods of work.Based on these,we put forward several effective paths for rural social work to intervene in Targeted Poverty Alleviation:making good use of its academic superiority to take precise,targeted and differentiated measures,linking social resources to mobilize more social forces to participate in,tracking and evaluating performance to realize the dynamic tracking of Targeted Poverty Alleviation.