广州话揣测类语气副词探析

Analysis of conjectural modality adverbs in Cantonese

揣测类语气副词是用来表达揣测和猜想的一类语气副词。在广州话中既有与普通话相同的揣测类语气副词,如"可能""大概""或许"等,又有一些是广州话特有的揣测类语气副词,如"估""谂""话"和"都似"等,它们在句法分布、人称选择、句类选择、句末语气词选择、揣测程度等方面都具有各自的使用特点。相比于其他副词,广州话中的揣测类语气副词有其独特的表义功能、句法特点和语用功能。

The conjectural modality adverbs are used to express speculation and conjecture.Cantonese shares both difference and similarity with Mandarin in the use of modal adverbs.Through the analysis,we found that in Cantonese,the same conjectural modality adverbs are used as in Mandarin,such as“may”,“probably”,“perhaps”and so on;but there are unique use in Cantonese,such as“gu2”,“nem2”,“wa6”and“dou1qi5”and so on.We mainly analyze and summarize these speculation classes from the different perspectives of syntactic distribution,person choice,sentence selection,sentence modal choice,etc.Conjectural modality adverbs in Cantonese are characterized by unique semantic,syntactic and pragmatic functions.