植物逆境响应的表观遗传调控研究进展

Research Progress in Epigenetic Regulation of Stress Responses in Plants

由发育和胁迫条件所导致的基因表达的变化通常依赖于DNA的甲基化修饰、组蛋白修饰、染色质结构以及小RNA等表观修饰。大量研究表明,这种表观修饰在胁迫条件下植物基因的表达中起非常重要的作用。大部分这种由胁迫诱导产生的修饰变化在胁迫条件被解除后能重新回到原来的水平,也有一些修饰的变化十分稳定,这些修饰变化作为"胁迫记忆"可以通过有丝分裂和减数分裂被遗传。表观遗传的应激记忆可能帮助植物更有效地应对以后的胁迫。

Gene expression induced by developmental and stress conditions often depends on epigene.tic modifications including DNA methylation,histone modification,chromatin structure and small-RNA.Extensive researches suggest that these epigenetic modifications play a very important role in plant gene expression under stress.Most of these modifications induced by stress can return to their original levels after stress being relieved,however,some modifications are very stable,these modifications as"stress memory"can be inherited by mitosis and meiosis.The epigenetic stress memory may help plants respond more effectively to subsequent stress.