2017年高考全国卷英语听力测试语篇输入与预期回答任务特征分析

A Synchronic Analysis of the Test Task Characteristics of the NMET Listening Comprehension(2017 National Test Papers)

为探讨高考英语全国卷听力测试的命题质量,以2017年高考英语全国卷两套听力测试题为研究对象,参照Bachman&Palmer的考试任务特征框架,依据《课程标准》和《考试大纲》,对英语听力测试语篇输入和预期回答进行任务特征分析。研究发现:2017年高考英语全国卷听力理解总体上符合《课程标准》和《考试大纲》的要求,语篇长度、难度设置科学合理,但语篇体裁和题材不够多样化,长对话话轮数跨度较大,语速远高于《课程标准》的要求,考查的听力技能不够全面。对此,高考英语全国卷的听力试题在命制时应做到篇章体裁多样化、话题的覆盖面更广、设置更加合理的话轮数以及适中的语速,更全面地考查学生的听力技能;同时,高中英语听力教学应为学生提供体裁和题材更加多样性的听力素材,重视语言材料和测试任务的真实性,培养学生的综合运用能力和跨文化交际能力。

Based on corresponding teaching and testing syllabuses,together with the framework of test task characteristics proposed by Bachman&Palmer(1999),this paper analyses the listening comprehension of the two NMET test papers in terms of the characteristic of the input and the expected response,aiming at examining the quality of the two test papers.The findings unveil that the characteristics of the input and the expected response of the listening test items generally accord with the requirements of the corresponding teaching and testing syllabuses in terms of text length and difficulty.However,some defects need to be addressed.Listening materials of the NMET test papers are confined to limited genre and topic.The number of turn-taking in long conversations changes in a improper range of 4 to 12.The average speech rate is considerably higher than the requirement of the teaching syllabus.Besides,the NMET listening comprehension does not test all listening skills required by the testing syllabus.Based on these findings,this paper suggests that NMET listening comprehension is expected to cover a wider range of genre and topic,with more appropriate numbers of turn-taking,slower average speech rate,and a more comprehensive test of listening skills.Meanwhile,high school listening teaching is supposed to provide authentic listening materials with a variety of genre and topic,therefore to cultivate students'integrated capacity of using the language,as well as the communication ability in a cross-cultural context.