我国特殊教育的转型:从残疾人教育到特殊需要教育

The Transformation of Special Education in China: From Disabled Education to Special Needs Education

新中国成立以来,我国特殊教育取得了飞速的发展,经历了翻天覆地的变化。特殊教育对象逐步扩大,从最初相对单一的盲童、聋童,到今天覆盖听障、视障和智障、自闭症、脑瘫以及多重障碍和超常发展等不同类型、程度不一的有特殊教育需要儿童。教育对象的变化,教育事业发展本身的内在要求等,都决定了特殊教育必须尽快实现由传统的以残疾人教育为核心向特殊需要教育转型。

Since the founding of New China,China's special education has achieved rapid development and has undergone tremendous changes.The number of special education subjects has gradually expanded,from the relatively single blind children and deaf children at the beginning,to different types and degrees of special education covering hearing impaired,visually impaired and mentally retarded,autism,cerebral palsy,and multiple obstacles and abnormal development special need children.The changes in education objects and the inherent requirements of the development of the education industry all determine that special education must be transformed from the traditional disability education to the special needs education as soon as possible.