“双一流”建设评估困境何以突破——从全国第四轮学科评估结果引起舆论风波谈起

How to Break through the Predicament in the Evaluation of World——class Universities and the First-rate Disciplines

自从统筹推进"双一流"建设被提出尤其是实施以来,高等教育界就达成了一个基本共识:没有一流学科就没有一流大学,办一流大学就是办一流学科。然而,进入"双一流"建设名单的少数高校确实没有一流学科。显然,新时代开启的"双一流"建设遭遇了评估困境。科学认识与极力突破这一评估困境,是"双一流"建设达到预期目标的必然选择。"双一流"建设目标可否达成关键在评估,"双一流"建设评估绕不开世界大学排名但不能被排名牵着鼻子走;"双一流"建设评估体系要彰显中国特色,构建多元评估机制;"双一流"建设评估要慎用优胜劣汰,要引导高校分层定位与分类发展。

Since the introduction of a construction plan for world-class universities and first-rate disciplines,especially since its implementation, the higher education circle seems to have reached a basic consensus:first-class universities must have first-class disciplines. However, it is puzzling that a few universities listed in the "double first" plan does not have a first-class discipline. Obviously,this construction plan initiated in the new era has encountered the predicament of evaluation. A scientific understanding of the plan and endeavors to break through the predicament are the inevitable choice for achieving the desired goals of the "double first" construction plan. Whether the goals can be achieved lies in evaluation, which can hardly stay away from the world university rankings but should not be led by the rankings; China's "double first" evaluation system must highlight the Chinese characteristics and build multi,ple mechanisms; the evaluation must lead to a multi-layered and categorized development of universities and be cautious in allowing only the fittest to survive.