青少年抑郁症状现况调查

Prevalence of depressive symptoms among adolescents

目的了解青少年抑郁症状现况及影响因素。方法于2017年3月选取某中学635名13~18岁学生为调查对象,采用一般情况调查表、简版流调中心抑郁量表(CES-D)和儿童期创伤问卷(CTQ-SF)进行问卷调查,采用Logistic回归模型分析抑郁发生的危险因素。结果实际调查630人,抑郁阳性(CES-D得分≥16)188例,抑郁阳性率为29.84%。调查对象CTQ-SF得分平均为(32.15±2.98)分,存在躯体忽视的比例最高(38.73%),被躯体虐待的比例最低(2.22%)。累积0条CTQ 252人,占40.00%;累积1条CTQ 198人,占31.43%;累积2条CTQ 115人,占18.25%;累积≥3条CTQ 65人,占10.32%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR=1.034,95%CI:1.012~1.056)、父母离异(OR=1.124,95%CI:1.087~1.162)、家庭不和睦(OR=1.025,95%CI:1.024~1.158)和CTQ累计数目多(ORCTQ=1=1.528,95%CI:1.214~1.923;ORCTQ=2=3.067,95%CI:1.325~7.102;ORCTQ≥3=10.361,95%CI:3.059~35.093)是青少年抑郁发生的危险因素。结论女性、父母离异、家庭不和睦和儿童期创伤经历多是青少年发生抑郁的危险因素。

Objective To evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and influencing factors among adolescents.Methods A total of 635 students aged 13 to 18 years were selected in March 2017 and were investigated with general information questionnaire,CES-D and CTQ-SF.Results 630 questionnaires are effective and the positive rate of depression was 29.84%(188/630).The average score of CTQ was 32.15±2.98;38.73%of the students were disregarded and only 2.22%of that were abused during their childhood.40.00%of the students had no CTQ,1 kinds of CTQ accounted for 31.43%,2 kinds of CTQ accounted for 18.25%,and more than 3 CTQ accounted for 10.32%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis show that gender(OR=1.034,95%CI:1.012-1.056),parents'marital status(OR=1.124,95%CI:1.087-1.162),family atmosphere(OR=1.025,95%CI:1.024-1.158),CTQ cumulative number(ORCTQ=1=1.528,95%CI:1.214-1.923;ORCTQ=2=3.067,95%CI:1.325-7.102;ORCTQ≥3=10.361,95%CI:3.059-35.093)were the risk factors for depression.Conclusion Gender,parents'marital status,family atmosphere and CTQ cumulative number were risk factors for depression in adolescents.