夫妻约定财产协议的法律适用困境与完善

The Predicament and Perfection of the Legal Application of the Matrimonial Agreement on Property

夫妻约定财产协议在司法实务中的困境主要在于夫妻一方财产权益受侵害和民事交易稳定性受挑战,而症结在于夫妻约定财产协议定性模糊和法律规定混乱。夫妻约定财产协议是具有人身属性的财产法律关系属性,应由人身法中调整财产关系的法律来调整;在人身法不能调整时,可以参照适用财产法的一般规定。同时当前应具体明确司法适用规则,未来在民法典制定上,建议从宏观理论支撑、中观框架设置、微观内容补充三个层次予以完善。

The difficulties of the marital property agreements in the judicial practices lie mainly in the violations of the spouse’s property rights and interests and the challenged stability in the civil transactions due to the fuzzy definitions and confusing legal provisions.The marital property agreement has the nature of property legal relationship with the personal property.It should be adjusted by the legal provisions in The Law of Personal Protection and done by the general provisions of The Property Law when the former fails.The rules of judicial application should be specifically clarified nowadays,whereas,three levels of macro-theory support,meso-framework setting and micro-content supplement are supposed to be perfected in the formulation of the future civil codes.