5种养殖鱼类体色素的比较

Comparison of the body pigments of 5 species of fishes

用色谱和光谱方法对星洲红鱼、彩云鲷、尼罗罗非鱼、鲫鱼和金鲳鱼的总色素和色素成分进行了比较研究.研究结果表明:星洲红鱼、彩云鲷、尼罗罗非鱼、鲫鱼和金鲳鱼的总色素在可见光区(445 nm、470 nm附近)有两个吸收峰.总色素含量依次为尼罗罗非鱼>彩云鲷>金鲳鱼>星洲红鱼>鲫鱼.色素薄层色谱分析表明星洲红鱼与彩云鲷、尼罗罗非鱼、鲫鱼和金鲳鱼分别含有4、4、5、3、1种色素组分,其体内各色素组分以不同比例相互搭配组合形成5种鱼类不同的体色.尼罗罗非鱼、星洲红鱼和彩云鲷均含3种近似相同的色素组分,鲫鱼除橙色色素组分与前3者的同色色素组分Rf值不同外,其余2种同色色素组分的Rf值均相近,金鲳鱼只含有杏黄色色素组分.根据体色素分析结果,星洲红鱼、彩云鲷和尼罗罗非鱼的亲缘关系较近,其中星洲红鱼和彩云鲷亲缘关系最近,金鲳鱼与前4者亲缘关系较远.

Comparison of body colors of Singapore red tilapia,Red Tilmpa,Tilapia nilotica,Carassius auratus and Trachinotus ovatus were studied by using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods.The results showed that the total pigment in the visible region of Singapore red tilapia,Red Tilmpa,Tilapia nilotica,Carassius cuvieri and Trachinotus ovatus were 445 nm-470 nm with two peaks.The total pigment content were Tilapia nilotica>Red Tilmpa>Trachinotus ovatus>Singapore red tilapia>Carassius auratus.TLC results showed that Singapore red tilapia,Red Tilmpa,Tilapia nilotica,Carassius auratus and Trachinotus ovatus contained 4、4、5、3、and 1 pigments,respectively.The different body colors of 5 kinds fishes were formed by pigment component in the body with different proportions of each color component.There were 3 similar pigment compositions in body colors of Singapor red tilapia,Tilapia nilotica and Red Tilmpa.Comparison with 3 tilapia,there were 2 similar Rf values of the same color pigment component of Carassius auratus except for orange color.There was only 1 yellow pigment composition in the body color of Trachinotus ovatus.Therefore,Singapore red tilapia,Red Tilmpa and Tilapia nilotica had closer genetic relationship.And Singapore red tilapia and Red Tilmpa had closest genetic relationship.There was distantly related between Trachinotus ovatus with other 4 fishes.