山西省86个审定玉米品种的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of 86 Approved Maize Varieties in Shanxi Province

采用46对SSR引物对86个山西省审定玉米品种进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,共检测出307个等位变异,变幅为3~11个,平均每个位点6.67个;全部位点的平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.71,变幅为0.25~0.86;在55个品种中发现稀有等位变异86个,其中,17个品种有2个,4个品种有3个,2个品种(屯玉10341和大丰2号)有4个;15个品种发现特有等位变异18个,其中,3个品种各有2个等位变异;以0.74为阈值,聚类分析将86个品种大体划分为7类群,最大的一类群有48个品种。总体上,山西省审定玉米品种的遗传基础相似性较高,来源于同一育种单位的品种优先聚为一类;但大丰种业、利马格兰种业和屯玉种业的品种各有特色,其品种独立聚群。同时,也发现了一些基因型独特的品种,有可能成为玉米改良的重要种质资源。

The genetic diversity of 86 approved maize varieties in Shanxi was studied by 46 pairs of SSR primers.The result showed that the totally 307 alleles were detected with an average of 6.67 and a range of 3-11 per locus.The average value of polymorphism information content(PIC)was 0.71 with a range of 0.25-0.86.There were more than 86 rare alleles in 55 hybrids.Among them,there were 2 rare alleles in each of 17 hybrids,3 in each of 4 hybrids and 4 in each of 2 varieties.Totally 18 unique alleles were identified in 15 varieties.Among them,there were 2 unique alleles in each of the 3 varieties.The cluster analysis showed that the maize cultivars examined were classified into 7 groups.It showed that the genetic basis of approved varieties in Shanxi province trended similar greatly.The hybrids from same companies were firstly clustered into one group.The hybrids from each of 3 companies were unique in three different groups.Meanwhile,some hybrids with unique genotypes were discovered,which are possibly important resources for the development of maize varieties.